Amid scorching summer temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius (104 F), Indian parliamentary elections are underway, with voters braving heat waves to cast their ballots. The elections are set to conclude in early June, and the new government will face numerous challenges like poverty, unemployment, pollution, water scarcity, food insecurity, and rising temperatures linked to climate change.
India is also gearing up for the annual monsoon, which is forecasted to be above average in 2024. While the monsoon brings relief to the agricultural sector, it also floods certain regions of the country.
India’s ability to address climate change hinges on both domestic efforts and negotiations with the Global North regarding climate reparations and technology transfer.
In recent years, India has positioned itself as a leader in climate change discussions, advocating for justice, equity, reparations, and technology transfer. Developing countries like India and China are balancing economic growth with energy transitions as they continue to use coal-fired power alongside renewable energy sources.
The developed world, responsible for historical emissions, is urged to support developing countries in achieving net zero goals through financial contributions and technology sharing. However, commitments to funding and technology transfer have not been fully met, leading to tensions in climate negotiations.
The Global South’s negotiations with the Global North require more emphasis on reparations and technology transfer. Contentions include the establishment of a separate Loss and Damage Fund, funded voluntarily by wealthy nations, and expanding the list of climate financers to include emerging economies like China and India.
The fragmented nature of the Global South necessitates updated distinctions between developed and developing nations in climate finance discussions. The new Indian government must navigate these complexities while working towards a just, inclusive, and equitable global climate order.
India’s leadership in bridging the climate divide between the Global North and South relies on crafting innovative energy transition pathways and implementing measures to reduce carbon emissions and boost renewable energy sources.