In 2013, both the Pakistani state and media downplayed the Balochistan issue as “peripheral” and “insignificant.” However, the recent civil rights movement spearheaded by Mahrang Baloch, garnering national and international support, challenges Pakistan’s handling and portrayal of Baloch grievances. Furthermore, the surge in Baloch militancy in recent years has even prompted the BBC to question Pakistan’s authority in Balochistan.
The Balochistan issue has now entered the mainstream. People across Pakistan are not only aware of the military’s involvement but also exhibit some level of empathy. Over the past decade, discussions on Balochistan at national and global levels have evolved from being disregarded and insignificant to receiving widespread attention.
The current Baloch struggle is characterized by two distinct strands: the insurgency seeking independence for Balochistan, ongoing since 1948, and the civil rights movement that protests enforced disappearances, extrajudicial killings, and political freedom violations. Recent events led by various Baloch groups highlight the diverse movements within Balochistan.
In both the non-violent human rights movement and the militancy, the current force and resilience on display in the broader Baloch struggle are unprecedented. The increased social awareness and public advocacy among the Baloch community are being viewed as a new chapter, often referred to as the “Baloch Spring.”
There are two interconnected reasons that set the current movement apart, making it powerful and unique. Firstly, the democratization of information flow and narrative formation has challenged Pakistan’s control over discussions of human rights violations and the Baloch issue. Social media has disrupted the state’s narrative control, shedding light on Balochistan’s plight despite the efforts to suppress information.
Secondly, the current movement’s inclusion of participants across generations and genders has made a significant impact. The active involvement of young Baloch individuals and women, inspired by leaders like Karima Baloch and Farzana Majeed, has been a driving force in the movement’s growth and reach.
The escalation of the Baloch movement into a global discourse, aligning with anti-colonial movements and gaining international attention and sympathy, underscores the movement’s progress and recognition beyond the region. This shift marks a significant achievement brought about by the younger generation’s activism.
As the human rights violations in Balochistan become part of a global dialogue, it reflects a shift towards broader recognition and support for the movement. The movement’s trajectory poses challenges for both the Baloch movement and Pakistan, with increasing consciousness of self-determination and discontent within the Baloch community.
While armed insurgency’s impact on Pakistan’s stability remains debatable, the growing demand for freedom, justice, and dignity among Baloch people is undeniable. Continuing to suppress Baloch voices is not a sustainable solution for Pakistan; history shows that it only fuels greater resilience among the Baloch people.