In June 2024, former U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi was vocal in her criticism of the Chinese government and President Xi Jinping for their persecution of Tibetans, including efforts to erase their culture. Pelosi, along with a U.S. delegation, met with the 14th Dalai Lama in Dharamshala, India, where he has been residing in exile since 1959. China views the Dalai Lama as a separatist threat and prohibits any diplomatic engagement with him.
Pelosi’s condemnation was not merely rhetoric. Following the U.S. Congress’ recent passing of the “Resolve Tibet Act,” she signaled increased U.S. support for Tibet, an area China is attempting to rebrand as “Xizang.” Her statements highlighted the ongoing Chinese militarization in Tibet, a concern shared not only by India but also by the United States and its allies in the Indo-Pacific region.
China’s Himalayan challenges extend beyond Tibet and include territorial disputes with India. The region has witnessed escalating tensions under Xi Jinping’s leadership, evident in incidents like the Doklam stand-off, the Galwan Clash, and the Tawang skirmish. China’s aggressive salami tactics approach with neighboring countries like Bhutan, coupled with its controversial Belt and Road Initiative, raise serious ecological and security questions.
Pelosi’s visit has brought attention to the broader geopolitical implications of China’s actions in the Himalayas. By shifting the focus beyond human rights concerns to strategic interests, there is an opportunity to address the wider Indo-Pacific challenges arising from China’s assertive policies.